South Asian Research Journal of Natural Products

Millets, a diverse category of diminutive-seeded grasses, have emerged as nutritional powerhouses with substantial potential to confront global food security challenges. Abundant in vital nutrients such as fiber, protein, vitamins, and minerals, millets contribute to a well-rounded diet, offering associated health advantages. The gluten-free attribute of millets renders them a versatile and inclusive option for individuals adhering to dietary restrictions. Diverse millet varieties, including pearl millet, finger millet, foxtail millet, proso millet, and more, are recognized for their nutritional richness in fiber, protein, vitamins, and minerals, making them a suitable grain choice for those with gluten sensitivity or celiac disease.

The United Nations declared 2023 as the International Year of Millets to raise awareness regarding the nutritional merits of millets and to advocate for their cultivation and consumption. This designation aims to underscore the significance of millets in global food security, biodiversity, and resilience to climate change. Throughout the International Year of Millets, various events, campaigns, and initiatives are orchestrated to stimulate millet production and consumption while endorsing sustainable agricultural practices.

This comprehensive review paper thoroughly examines the diverse applications and uses of millets. The paper initiates by providing a fundamental overview of millets and their nutritional composition, emphasizing their elevated content of fiber, protein, vitamins, and minerals. It explores the gluten-free nature of millets, making them an appealing choice for individuals with dietary restrictions.

Additionally, the review investigates the integration of millets into functional foods, underscoring their role in addressing malnutrition and promoting overall health.