Phytochemical Analysis of N-Hexane Leaf Extract of Conoclinum coelestinum (Blue Mistflower) Using Ultraviolet-visible and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry
Mary Olire Edema
Department of Chemisty, Federal University of Petroleum Resources Effurun, Delta State, Nigeria.
Ogwuche Christiana Ene
Department of Chemisty, Federal University of Petroleum Resources Effurun, Delta State, Nigeria.
Odiri Ughumiakpor
*
Department of Chemisty, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria.
Innocent Chukwujekwu Onunkwo
Department of Chemisty, Nigeria Maritime University, Okerenkoko, Delta State, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
This study evaluates the phytochemical composition and characterization of n-hexane extracts of Conoclinum coelestinum leaves. Fresh leaves were extracted with a Soxhlet extractor using n-hexane as the solvent, and the extract was subjected to phytochemical analysis, characterization was done using Uv-VIS and FTIR. Results show the presence of the following Phytochemicals; glycosides, steroids, terpenoids, saponin, phytosterols, triterpenoids, phlobatanins, alkaloids, phenols, protein, amino acids, carbohydrates, fat and oil, tannins and flavonoids.The UV–Vis spectra of the extracts revealed distinct phytochemicals which showed a strong absorption at ~630 nm (500–700 nm range) and tailing beyond 700 nm, indicating chlorophyll a/b, carotenoids, and chlorophyll degradation products. The FT-IR analysis revealed a wide range of functional groups, including hydroxyls (free and hydrogen-bonded), amine/amide groups, aromatic and aliphatic C–H stretches, carboxylic acids, nitrile/alkyne bonds, high-frequency carbonyls, and conjugated C=O/C=C systems. This study demonstrates that the leaves of Conoclinumcoelestinum possess a rich phytochemicals profile.
Keywords: N-Hexane, conoclinum coelestinum, phytochemicals, ultravoilet-visible and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy